Highest Mountains in Mexico
Highest Mountains in Mexico
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Mexico's mountainous landscape is shaped by the Sierra Madre and the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area renowned for its volcanic activity and tectonic movement. The Sierra Madre or “Mother Mountain Range” in Spanish comprises three main ranges: the Sierra Madre Occidental to the west, the Sierra Madre Oriental to the east, and the Sierra Madre del Sur to the south—these ranges extend from the Rocky Mountains of North America. The Sierra Madre del Sur connects with the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, part of the Pacific Ring of Fire stretching over 600 miles (1,000 km) across the country. This volcanic belt in central Mexico, also called the Sierra Nevada or "Snowy Mountain Range," has Mexico's tallest peaks, with 35 mountains over 10,000 feet (3,048 m), including both active and dormant volcanoes.
With their varied terrains and stunning landscapes, Mexico’s mountains are a paradise for hikers and mountaineers. Whether you’re scaling an ancient volcano, hiking lush canyons, or soaking in the awe-inspiring landscapes, the Mexico mountains offer unforgettable adventures and challenges for every outdoor enthusiast.
Facts About Mountains in Mexico
Mexico has around 40 known mountains, three rising over 16,404 feet (5,000 mt) and 10 over 13,123 feet (4,000 mt).
The fifth-highest peak in Mexico is home to the world’s largest single-aperture telescope.
Popocatepetl is one of Mexico’s most active volcanoes at 17,802 feet (5,300 mt) and is located near Mexico City and Puebla.
The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt Pine-Oak Forests are part of the Mesoamerican pine-oak sub-ecoregions with more than 150 species of oaks, the most in the world.
Mexico’s varied mountain landscapes create numerous microclimates ranging from arid desert slopes to pine forests.
Top 10 Highest Mountains in Mexico
Pico de Orizaba
Popocatepetl
Iztaccihuatl
Nevado de Toluca
La Malinche
Nevado de Colima
Cofre de Perote
Volcan Tacana
Cerro Ajusco
Volcan Tancitaro
1. Pico de Orizaba
Elevation: 18,491 feet (5,636 mt)
State (in Mexico): Veracruz and Puebla
Pico de Orizaba or Citlaltepetl, meaning "Star Mountain," is the highest peak in Mexico and the third highest in North America at the eastern end of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. The mountain is characterized by its stunning symmetrical snow-capped cone with a summit crater about 1,000 feet (300 mt) deep. Pico de Orizaba has the largest glacier in Mexico, Gran Glaciar Norte, with the first documented ascent in 1848.
Tlachichuca and the Piedra Grande Hut are key starting points for climbing routes on the mountain. The most popular is the Jamapa Glacier route, which begins at the free base camp hut at 14,010 feet (4,270 m). Experienced climbers can also try the challenging Serpent’s Head route, known for its steep ice climbs. On the mountain’s southern side, there's a shorter but steeper trail with no glaciers.
Highlights:
Pico de Orizaba can be climbed year-round, with the Jamapa Glacier Route being the most popular option.
The iconic morning shadow of Pico de Orizaba creates a breathtaking view as the sun rises on the opposite side of the volcano.
Pico de Orizaba is part of a trilogy of Mexican mountains, along with La Malinche and Iztaccíhuatl, making it a popular hiking destination.
This volcano holds significant mythological importance in pre-Hispanic cultures.
2. Popocatepetl
Elevation: 17,694 ft (5,393 mt)
State (in Mexico): Puebla, Morelos, and Mexico
Popocatepetl or the "Smoking Mountain," part of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt is an active stratovolcano in central Mexico and the second-highest in Mexico. The volcano connects to its twin, Iztaccihuatl via the high pass, Paso de Cortés at 11,800 feet (3,600 mt). This area, protected within Izta-Popo Zoquiapan National Park, is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and a popular destination for outdoor activities. Serving as the gateway to the park, Paso de Cortes offers stunning panoramic views, hiking trails to the volcano summits and the Paso de Cortes Visitor Center that provides essential facilities and information about the area's rich cultural heritage.
Since Popocatepetl is an active volcano, climbing to its summit is not permitted, but you can hike around the peak and enjoy close-up views from Iztaccihuatl. Popular trails include the Alpine Trail, Spring Water Trail, La Joyita - Portillo 3, and the Iztaccihuatl Summit.
Highlights:
Local legend tells of Popocatepetl, a fierce warrior, and his love, Iztaccihuatl, a princess whose mountain resembles a sleeping woman. Though separated in life, they were transformed into mountains to remain together forever.
The park offers clear views of peaks like Pico de Orizaba and La Malinche.
Popular nearby attractions include Teotihuacan, an ancient pyramid complex, and the "Magical Town" of San Martín de las Pirámides.
3. Iztaccihuatl
Elevation: 17,802 feet (5,426 mt)
State (in Mexico): State of Mexico and Puebla
Iztaccihuatl is a dormant volcanic mountain in Izta-Popo Zoquiapan National Park and the nation's third-highest peak. Its name means "Sleeping Woman" in Nahuatl as its four snow-capped summits resemble a female figure. The summit ridge consists of overlapping cones or false summits with the most accessible climbing route La Arista del Sol, crossing La Arista del Sol (Ridge of the Sun), starting from La Joya, leading to the Refugio del Grupo de los Cien mountain hut at 15,682 feet (4,780 mt). This challenging climb involves rocky trails and scrambling which can be completed in a day or two depending on your fitness level.
Highlights:
Iztaccihuatl is a prime spot for close views of Popocatepetl.
As part of Mexico’s trilogy of highest volcanoes, along with La Malinche and Pico de Orizaba, Iztaccihuatl is often used as an acclimatization hike before climbing Pico de Orizaba.
The summit offers stunning views of La Malinche, Popocatepetl, and Pico de Orizaba.
4. Nevado de Toluca
Elevation: 13,800 feet (4,200 mt)
State (in Mexico): Toluca, Mexico city
Nevado de Toluca, a stratovolcano, is the fourth-highest peak in Mexico and is unique for its two crater lakes: the larger green Lago del Sol (Sun Lake) and the smaller Lago de la Luna (Moon Lake). Located west of Mexico City near Toluca, the mountain is part of Nevado de Toluca National Park, which features various archaeological sites highlighting offerings deposited during the pre-Hispanic period around the lakes.
Nevado de Toluca is the only volcano accessible by road, a 29-mile (48 km) dirt road leading directly to the crater, just 15 minutes away from the parking lot. Once at the crater, you can either take a leisurely 2.5-hour walk around the lakes or climb the Crater Rim. The crater has a flat floor surrounded by peaks rising to 1,600 feet (500 mt), forming vertical walls. The challenging Crater Rim hike involves Class 2-3 scrambling for 7-8 hours to reach the true summit, Pico de Fraile, at 15,354 feet (4,680 meters). Hiking along the ridgeline offers an outstanding experience with panoramic views of the crater and the surrounding landscapes.
Highlights:
The Sun and Moon lakes are popular tourist spots for fishing, scuba diving, and skiing, making the area busy on weekends.
Distant views of the Iztaccihuatl and Popocatepetl mountains can be seen from the crater.
5. Sierra Negra
Elevation: 15,030 feet (4,580 mt)
State (in Mexico): Puebla
Sierra Negra, meaning "Black Mountain," is an extinct volcano, the fifth-highest peak in Mexico, and is often overshadowed by the nearby Pico de Orizaba. Sierra Negra is part of Pico de Orizaba National Park and has an observatory on the summit with two major astronomical instruments: the Large Millimeter Telescope and the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory. Access to the mountain is restricted and requires an application at least a week in advance. The service road leading to the observatory is said to be the highest road in North America. This less attractive peak offers a chance to enjoy solitude in nature. You can reach the top via the same starting point as the Ruta Sur route on Pico de Orizaba.
Highlights:
Above the treeline, there is a tree near the summit at around 14,763 feet (4,500 mt), considered the highest tree in North America.
The road leading to the observatory is regarded as the highest road on the continent.
The mountain is renowned for its excellent views of Pico de Orizaba.
6. La Malinche
Elevation: 14,636 feet (4,461 mt)
State (in Mexico): Tlaxcala and Puebla
Malinche Peak, the highest point in Tlaxcala and the sixth-highest in Mexico after Sierra Negra is also known as Matlalcueitl, meaning "[Lady of the] Blue Skirt," named after the goddess of rain and song. The name Malinche became popular in the 17th century, honoring Hern Cortes' interpreter during the conquest of the Aztec Empire. Located in Parque Nacional, Malinche volcano is part of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and often the first choice for training and acclimatization.
The most popular trail is the Centro Vacacional Route starting from Centro Vacacional IMSS Malintzi campsite. The hike to the top is approximately 7.6 miles (12.2 km) round trip requiring a maximum of 7 to 8 hours to hike over moderate traverses. The less popular Ixtenco route starts from San Juan Ixtenco offering views of Pico de Orizaba and Sierra Negra.
Highlights:
Malinche Peak is part of the trilogy of mountains in Mexico and is often the first choice for those looking to climb the highest peaks, followed by Iztaccihuatl before climbing the highest, Pico de Orizaba.
7. Nevado de Colima
Elevation: 12,530 ft (3,820 mt)
State (in Mexico): Jalisco and Colima
Nevado de Colima, a dormant Mexico’s seventh-highest volcano, is part of the Colima Volcanic Complex including Volcan de Colima and the El Cantaro—Volcan de Colima is one of the most active in North America. Nevado de Colima is a popular hiking spot as it offers the rare opportunity to see the state’s active volcano up close from the top. Nevado de Colima National Park protects the higher slopes of both Volcan de Colima and Nevado de Colima.
The well-known 3.9-mile (6.4 km) loop trail, Circuito Nevado de Colima, is a great start to explore the area. To climb to the top most hikers start their journey from the trailhead at La Joya, requiring around 4 hours to complete a 5.5-mile (9 km) hike to the summit. However, there are multiple trails to the top marked in various colors and it's easy to get lost.
Highlights:
The summit offers the closest views of the active Colima Volcano.
Plan your hike to reach the top at sunrise for mesmerizing views.
8. Cofre de Perote
Elevation: Veracruz
State (in Mexico): 14,049 feet (4,282 mt)
Cofre de Perote is an inactive volcano, meaning "Place of Four Mountains," as it is shaped like a large box or coffin. Located where the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt meets the Sierra Madre Oriental in Cofre de Perote National Park, it is Mexico's eighth-highest mountain.
The mountain is accessible from the village of El Conejo from where you can either walk or drive up a dirt road through beautiful pine forests to the base of the summit block. The top offers clear views of nearby Pico de Orizaba making it a great choice to acclimatize for Pico de Orizaba. The summit block has rock climbing routes and the eastern side of the mountain offers hard scenic routes to the top.
Highlights:
Cofre de Perote offers the closest views of its neighboring peak, Pico de Orizaba, Mexico's tallest mountain.
For added adventure, try traditional or sports climbing on the summit block.
9. Volcán Tacaná
Elevation: 13,320 feet (4,060 mt)
State (in Mexico): Chiapas
Volcán Tacaná, an active stratovolcano, is the second-highest peak in Central America, and eighth-highest in Mexico, located in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas on the border between Guatemala and southern Mexico. It’s part of the Tacaná Volcano Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO site in Chiapas, rich in unique species found only in this region. The hike to this southernmost peak of Mexico starts from the small village of Talquian in Chiapas, Mexico while in Guatemala it starts from the town of Sabinal. The Maya civilization considered this volcano sacred, believing it was where the Gods gave corn to humankind.
Highlights:
For a one-of-a-kind hiking adventure, climb Volcan Tacana from the Mexican side and cross borders to reach the top.
10. Cerro Ajusco
Elevation: 12,894 feet (3,930 mt)
State (in Mexico): Ciudad de México
Ajusco is a lava dome volcano located south of Mexico City and the highest point in the city is protected by the Parque Nacional Cumbres del Ajusco Park, serving as a great day hike. The most popular trail starts near Hostel Alpino Ajusco at 10,800 feet (3,291 mt) with the first stop at Pico del Águila at 12,600 feet (3,840 mt). The final stretch involves some easy scrambling to reach the summit marked by several crosses.
Highlights:
Due to its proximity to Mexico City, Ajusco is one of the most frequently climbed peaks by locals.
From the top, enjoy views of Mexico’s highest mountains, Popocatepetl, Iztaccihuatl, and Nevado de Toluca.
The park is home to Six Flags México, the largest amusement park in Latin America, and offers activities like mountain biking, horseback riding, motorcycling, and climbing.
11. Volcán Tancítaro
Elevation: 12,600 feet (3,840 mt)
State (in Mexico): Tancitaro, Michoacán
Pico de Tancítaro, or Volcán Tancítaro, is the highest mountain in the Michoacán state of Mexico and part of the Michoacán–Guanajuato volcanic field with some active areas. Located in Tancítaro municipality, it sits within the Flora and Fauna Protection Area Pico de Tancítaro known for its lush biodiversity, stunning views, and local culture. The park offers various activities like hiking the peak through various routes, capturing glimpses of golden eagles, and experiencing diverse landscapes of low grasslands to high-altitude terrains.
Tips for Exploring Mexico’s Tallest Mountains
Research Trails and Routes: Learn about the available trails and their difficulty levels before your hike. Some paths may be unmarked, making it easy to get lost, especially in foggy or rainy conditions.
Check Weather Conditions: Always check the weather forecast before hiking, and if you're near active volcanoes, check their conditions as well. The best hiking months in Mexico are from November to March for clearer views, though it can be colder at the top.
Acclimatize to Altitude: Spend time at higher elevations, like Puebla or intermediate camps, to help your body adjust to the altitude. Consider multi-day hikes that gradually increase in elevation for proper acclimatization and a well-rounded adventure.
Pack Essential Gear: Bring sturdy shoes, warm clothes, sun protection, rain gear, water bottles, and food. If hiking in snow or on glaciers, ensure you know how to use crampons and ice axes. Always wear a helmet and gloves for safety. If you plan to camp, carry camping gear and a headlamp.
Consider Guided Tours: Guided tours can enhance safety and provide convenient transport between peaks, especially for multi-peak climbs.
Plan Ahead for Campsites: Many popular peaks require campsite reservations (especially on weekends) and entry tickets. Be sure to check and reserve in advance.
Frequently Asked Questions
How Many Mountains Are in Mexico? -
Mexico is home to thousands of mountains as part of several mountain ranges, including the Sierra Madre Oriental, Sierra Madre Occidental, and the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. However, about 40 known peaks are exceeding 9,843 feet (3,000 mt) in elevation.
Which is the tallest mountain in Mexico?
The tallest mountain in Mexico is Pico de Orizaba or Citlaltépetl at 18,491 feet (5,636 mt) on the border between the states of Puebla and Veracruz.
Which is the toughest mountain to climb in Mexico?
Pico de Orizaba is often considered one of the toughest mountains to climb in Mexico due to its height and technical challenges.
What is the easiest mountain in Mexico for beginners to hike?
Cerro Ajusco is often regarded as one of the easiest mountains for beginners to hike.
Do I need a guide for hiking a mountain in Mexico?
While it is not always mandatory to hire a guide for hiking in Mexico, it is highly recommended, especially for more challenging or remote mountains. Guides can provide valuable local knowledge, enhance safety, and help navigate trails.
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